Method and apparatus for making pulleys



Feb. 13, 1968 D. L. PREVITE 3,368,376

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING PULLEYS Filed Nov. 26, 1965 2Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VENTOR. DOMlN/CK L PRE V/ TE 80 BY WW FIG. 3 ATTORNEYSD. L. PREVITE Feb. 13, 1 968 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 26, 1965 V; la.y 32 H05 DOM/NICK L PRE V/ TE INVENTOR.

FIGA

My Arrekus'vs United States Patent 3,368,376 METHOD AND APPARATUS FORMAKING PULLEYS Dominick L. Previte, Willowick, Ohio, assignor to EatonYale and Towne Inc., a corporation of Ohio Filed Nov. 26, 1965, Ser. No.509,854 17 Claims. (Cl. 72-82) The present invention relates to a methodand apparatus for forming grooves in a metal blank and, in particular,relates to a method and apparatus for forming a plurality of V-groovesin a flange portion of a metal cup-shaped pulley blank.

The principal object of the present invention is the provision of a newand improved economical, simple, and reliable method and apparatus forforming a plurality of V-grooves in an integral flange portion of acup-shaped metal pulley blank in which the metal of the pulley blank isreadily displaced and the plurality of V-grooves are fully formed in asingle operation of a set of working dies.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of a new andimproved method and apparatus for forming a plurality of V-grooves in aflange portion of a cup-shaped metal pulley blank and in which thepulley blank is rotated and die members engage opposite radial sides ofsaid flange portion to shape the flange portion, and wherein one of thedies has converging surfaces defining separate V-grooves therein of agiven angle and the other die member has projections thereon defined byconverging sides defining an angle smaller than the angle defined by theconverging sides defining the groove, and wherein the die with theprojections thereon is moved so as to engage the metal of the blank andforce or displace the metal of the blank into the grooves formed in theother die member with the converging sides defining the grooves andprojections cooperating to provide for a uniform displacement of metalof the blank, as well as a predetermined controlled radial outwarddisplacement of the metal.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of anew and improved method and apparatus for forming a plurality ofV-grooves in an integral flange portion of a cup-shaped metal pulleyblank, as noted in the next preceding paragraph, wherein the die havingthe grooves into which the metal is displaced comprises a die memberlocated within the pulley blank and is rotatable upon rotation of thepulley blank and the die having the projections which displace the metalinto the grooves comprises a roller-type die which rotates uponengagement with the flange portion of the pulley blank and, whilerotated, is forced toward the other die member with a sufficientpressure to effect a forming or displacement of the metal into theV-grooves.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of a new andimproved method and apparatus for forming a V-groove in a flange portionof a rotatable cup-shaped metal pulley blank and in which die membersengage opposite radial sides of the flange portion of the blank and havesurface portions which are shaped so as to displace the metal of theflange portion and provide the V-shaped groove, and wherein at least oneof the dies is provided with a recess means located axially of thegroove for receiving displaced metal from the pulley blank in the areacontiguous to the recess thereby permitting sufficient movement of thedies so that the V-groove is completely formed.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of anew and improved method and apparatus for forming a plurality ofV-grooves in a portion of a flange of a cup-shaped metal pulley blank,and wherein the plurality of grooves are formed in the flange by die3,368,37fi Patented Feb. 13, 1968 ice members having working surfaceswhich engage opposite sides of the flange and one of the die members ismovable toward the other so as to displace the metal of the flangeportion and shape the metal into the desired V-groove configuration andwherein the other die member includes a pair of grooves located onopposite sides of the working surface of the other die to receive metalwhich is radially displaced due to engagement of a portion of the onedie member with the side of the pulley blank opposite the pair ofgrooves.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of anew and improved method and apparatus for forming a plurality of'V-grooves in the flange portion of a cup-shaped pulley blank, whereinthe V-grooves are formed by a pair of dies, one of which is locatedinternally of the pulley cup and engages the inner side of the flange,the other of which engages the outer side of the flange and is movableinwardly so as to effect a shaping of the metal of the flange portion ofthe pulley cup, and wherein the outer die is movable under a suflicientpressure to form all of the V-grooves simultaneously in one operation ofthe cooperating dies.

Still another object of the present invention is the provision of a newand improved apparatus for forming at least one V-groove in the flangeportion of a cup-shaped pulley blank wherein a pair of die membersengage opposite radial sides of the flange portion with one of the diemembers located internally of the pulley cup and comprising a circulardie member having a diameter substantially the size of the diameter ofthe flange portion of the pulley cup and which is formed in segmentalportions which are retractable inwardly so as to permit easy withdrawalof the pulley cup from the die member after formation thereof.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparentto those skilled in the art to which it relates from the followingdetailed description of the preferred embodiment thereof made withreference to the accompanying drawings forming a part of thisspecification and in which:

FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating an apparatus embodying thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 with parts removed;

FIG. 3 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of a pulleyconstructed by the appartus of FIG. 1; and

FIGS. 4 and 5 are enlarged sectional views illustrating portions of theapparatus of FIG. 1 in diiferent operative positions.

The present invention provides a new and improved method and apparatusfor forming grooves in a metal blank. The method and apparatus isparticularly adapted to the forming of a plurality of V-grooves in aone-piece homogeneous integral flange portion of a cup-shaped pulleyblank, and particularly relates to a method and apparatus wherein aplurality of Vegrooves is formed by engaging opposite radial sides ofthe flange portion of a cup-shaped pulley blank with die members whichare rotatable and movable radially relatively so as to effect a shapingof the flange portion of the cup-shaped pulley blank into the desiredconfiguration.

As representing the preferred embodiment of the present invention, FIG.1 illustrates an apparatus 10 for forming a plurality of V-shapedgrooves in a cup-shaped metal pulley blank 11. The pulley blank 11comprises a bottom or disk portion 12 and a spherical ring portion 13which encircles the bottom portion 12 and extends angularly outwardlyaway from the bottom portion 12. The ring portion 13 connects with adisk or flat ring portion 14 which extends radially outwardly of thering portion 13. The disk portion 14 is connected at its outermost edgewith a one-piece integral flange or skirt portion 15 3 which, as shownin FIG. 1, projects axially of the pulley blank 11.

The pulley-blank 11 is made of a suitable metal material and is aone-piece integral blank. The cup-shaped pulley blank is formed by ametal drawing process, and the thickness of the flange portion of theblank varies due to the formation thereof. In the areas adjacent thering portion 14, the flange portion is thinnest while at its outermostend it is thickest. The V-grooves to be formed in the pulley cup blank11 are formed in the flange portion 15 of the pulley cup 11 and thedifference in thickness of the flange portion of the blank is an adversecondition in the forming of the V-grooves.

When the V-grooves are to be formed in the flange portion of thecup-shaped pulley blank 11, the cup-shaped pulley blank 11 is placed inthe apparatus 10. The apparatus includes an inner die member 16 which islocated in the interior of the flange portion 15. The inner die member16 comprises a plurality of individual separate segments 17. Theindividual segments 17 are movable between a retracted position and aworking position, shown in the drawings. When the segments 17 are intheir working position, the outer periphery of the segments form acircular configuration defining a continuous circular working surface 18of substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of the flangeportion. The working surface 18 engages the inner surface of the flangeof the pulley blank so as to effect Shaping thereof, as will bedescribed hereinbelow.

The individual segments 17 are biased to an inward or retracted positionby a plurality of springs 19 which act between the individual segments17 and a portion of a spindle member 20 which carries the internal die16. The individual segments 17 are held in their outer or workingpositions by a central die member 21 which is located centrally of thesegments 17. The die member 21 has a projecting portion 22 with a boretherein and a spring member 23 is located in the bore and acts between aportion of the spindle 20 and a pilot pin member 24 which has a flangeportion 25 which engages a shoulder at the upper end of the die member21. When this occurs, the spring 23, due to this construction, biasesthe die member 21 to a vertical position. When the die member 21 ismoved to its vertical position, the movement thereof is sufficient sothat the die segments 17 move inwardly under the bias of the springs 19to their retracted positions.

The die segments 17 are moved to their working position, as shown in thedrawings, upon downward movement of the die member 21. The die member 21has an inclined surface 26 which engages an inclined surface 27 on theindividual segments 17 upon downward movement when the segments are intheir inner position. These inclined surfaces cooperate and effect acamming of the segments 17 outwardly upon downward movement of themember 21. The member 21 eventually upon downward movement takes theposition shown in the drawings wherein the outer radial surface 28thereof engages an inward radial surface of each of the die segments 17to hold the die segments 17 in their outer positions against the bias ofthe springs 19.

The die member 21 carries at its upper end a plurality of driving pins29 which are adapted to engage in openings 30a in the disk portion ofthe pulley blank so as to rotate the pulley blank upon rotation of thespindle 20. The pilot pin member 24 is also adapted to extend through anopening in the disk portion of the pulley blank. The pilot pin member 24is engaged and moved downwardly by a clamping member 30 which movesdownwardly and clamps the pulley blank in position on the spindle 20.The clamping member is movable vertically into the position shown inFIG. 1 and upon such movement engages the upper end of the pilot pin 24and moves the pilot pin downward. The downward movement of the pilot pincauses the flange 25 thereof to move away from the shoulder on the diemember 21 and causes the spring 23 to be compressed. Thus, the weight ofthe member 21 causes the member 21 to move downwardly, causing themember 21 to effect a radial movement of the die segments 17 to theirworking position. Either before or after the die segments are moved totheir working positions, the pulley blank is placed in position in theapparatus 10.

The pulley blank is placed in the apparatus 10 with the lower end 21a ofthe flange portion 15 of the pulley cup supported by a surface portion32 of the spindle member 20. The surface portion 32 of the spindlemember 20 and an outer portion 33 of the spindle 20 which extendsupwardly along the outer surface of the flange portion 15 function totrap the lower end 21a of the flange portion 15 and prevent radial oraxial displacement of the metal therein during formation of the V-groovein the flange portion 15. To compensate for the varying thickness of theflange portion 15 of the pulley blank, the outer or working surfaces ofthe inner dies member segments may be relieved or tapered somewhat. Theclamping member 30 is also relieved at its upper end so as to provide agap 35 between the upper surface of the bottom portion 12 of the pulleyblank 11 and the clamping member 30 applies a clamping force parallel tothe extent of the flange portion 15 and thereby restricts the lateralflow or displacement of material axially along the flange portion 15.

When the cup-shaped pulley blank 11 is located and clamped in position,as shown in FIG. 1, a V-groove or a plurality of V-grooves in the flangeportion 15 of the cu -shaped pulley blank 11 are formed. The V-groovesas formed in the blank 11 are illustrated in their final form in FIG. 3which illustrates the final pulley formed by the apparatus in FIG. 1.The formed pulley includes six V-grooves, designated 41-46. TheV-grooves 41-43 are separated from the V-grooves 44-46 by a central landportion 47 of the flange 15. The V-grooves 41-46 are formed on theoutermost portion of the flange 15, namely, the portion spaced outwardlyfarthest from the ring portion 14 thereof.

The plurality of V-grooves 41-46 formed in the flange portion 15 of thepulley blank 11 are formed by the cooperative action of an external diemember 48 with the internal die 16. The die member 48 is, in thepreferred embodiment, a roller having an outer peripheral surface whichcooperates with the outer peripheral surface of the die 16, so as toeffect the formation of the flange portion 15 of the pulley blank 11into the desired configuration. The die member 48 is supported formovement by a hydraulic cylinder arrangement 49, shown schematically,and is moved toward and away from the die 16 thereby. The die member 48or roller is supported for rotation and rotates upon engagement with theflange portion 15 of the pulley blank 11 due to the pressure engagementtherebetween and is actually rotated by this pressure engagement withthe flange portion 15.

As it is rotated, the roll die member 48 is maintained in a pressureengagement with the flange portion 15 by the hydraulic cylinderarrangement 49. The V-grooves 41-46 are formed, as noted above, by thecooperative action of the outer peripheral surfaces of the die roll 48and the internal die 16 which are located on opposite radial sides ofthe flange portion 15. The internal die 16, as best shown in FIG. 3, isprovided with a plurality of V-grooves 50. Each of the V-grooves 50 isdefined by converging surface portions 51, 52. The converging surfaceportions 51, 52 converge as they extend inwardly of the die, and thesurfaces 51, 52 define therebetween an acute angle, designated A in thedrawings, and comprise the groove angle. The V-grooves 50 on theinternal die are separated by projections 55. As can be seen from FIG.3, the V-grooves 50 in the die 16 are separated into groups of three bya central land portion 56.

The external form roll die 48 includes; a plurality of projections 60,each of which are located in alignment with a respective one of thegrooves 50. The projections 60 upon inward movement of the die 48,engage the outer radial surface a of the flange 15 and displace themetal of the flange 15 into the grooves 50 formed in the die 16. Theprojections 60 are located in alignment with the grooves 50 and arelocated in sets of three projections 60 located on the upper side of acentral portion 61 of the form roll 48, as viewed in the drawings, andthree projections 60 located on the lower side of the central portion 61of the roller die 48. The projections 60 are each defined by a pair ofconverging material shaping surfaces 62, 63 which converge as theyextend outwardly of the die and have grooves 64 located therebetween.The surfaces 62, 63 form an acute angle, designated B on the drawings.

The angle B is substantially less than the angle A defined by thematerial shaping working surfaces 51, 52 defining the groove 50 intowhich the metal is forced by the projections 60. The angle B ispreferably degrees less than the angle A; however, the angle B may be10-30 degrees less than the angle A. The difference in the inclinationof the surfaces 62, 63 and the surfaces 51, 52 permits a more uniformradial displacement of the metal, as well as a controlled predetermined,radial outward displacement thereof. Moreover, these surfaces assist inguiding and shaping the metal so that the metal completely fills thegrooves 64 and 50 when the die 48 is moved inwardly, as shown in FIG. 4.

Of course, it should be apparent that when the die 48 is moved intoengagement with the flange portion 15 of the cup-shaped pulley blank 11,all of the V-grooves 41-46 in the pulley are formed simultaneously andby the cooperative action of the dies 48, 16, and the projections 60cooperate with the grooves 50 in the dies 48, 16, respectively, toeffect a displacement of the metal and a complete filling of the groovesso as to provide a properly formed pulley. In the formation of theV-grooves of the pulley, the metal in the flange portion is, course,

shaped and displaced and tends to move axially of the flange portion.

As noted above, the outer die 48 is moved during the formation of theV-grooves inwardly toward the inner die 16. The present structure isconstructed so as to readily permit complete formation of the V-grooveswithout locking of the die member 48 from inward movement before theV-grooves are completely formed. Locking occurs when the surfaces 65 onthe opposite axial ends on the outer die 48 engage the flange portion 15before the V-grooves are completely formed, and the outer die 48 islocked from further inward movement. In order to prevent this locking ofthe die 48 from movement inwardly and thereby provide for the COrnpleteformation of the peaks of the V-grooves, preferably the internal die 16is provided with recess means so as to provide a relieved area wheremetal may flow during the completion of the formation of the pulleygrooves.

The recess means formed in the internal die 16 is in the form of a pairof recesses 70, 71 located in the upper and lower peripheral portions72, 73, respectively, of the internal die 16. The grooves 78, 71 arelocated on opposite axial sides of the grooves St) in the die 16. Theserecesses permit metal of the flange portion 15 in the area contiguous tothe recesses 70, 71 to be radially displaced after the surfaces 65engage the flange portion and allow a suflicient penetration of the rollform die 48 so that the V-grooves in the flange portion of the pulleyblank are fully formed. These recesses result in providing arcuateridges 80, 81 in the finally formed pulley.

From the above, it should be apparent that a plurality of V-grooves areformed simultaneously in the flange portion 15 of the cup-shaped pulleyblank 11 due to the cooperative action of the roll form die 48 and thein ternal die 16. The means for moving the external roll die 48 intoengagement with the flange 15 and for shaping the flange portion 15,applies a suflicient force so as to effect a forming of the plurality ofV-grooves due to a single operation of the two dies. Thus, the pluralityof V-grooves in the pulley is formed in substantially a onestep process,utilizing the two dies.

It should be apparent that the preferred embodiment of the presentinvention has been described in great detail hereinabove, and thatcertain modifications, changes, and adaptations may be made therein bythose skilled in the art to which it relates, and it is hereby intendedto cover all such modifications, changes, and adaptations which comewithin the scope of the appended claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. An apparatus for forming a plurality of V-grooves in a flange portionof a pulley blank comprising first and second rotatable die membersengageable with the opposite sides of said flange portion, said firstdie member having a material shaping die surface provided with aplurality of grooves defined by inwardly converging surface portionswhich define a first angle therebetween, said second die member alsohaving a material shaping die surface and including a plurality ofprojections defined by outwardly converging surface portions whichdefine a second angle therebetween less than said first angle, saidprojections on said second die member being located opposite saidgrooves in said first die member, and means for moving said second diemember toward said first die member to cause said projections to forcethe material of said flange into said grooves with said convergingsurfaces of different angularity directing the material of said flangeportion.

2. An apparatus for forming a plurality of V-grooves in a flange portionof a pulley blank as defined in claim 1 wherein said second die memberis located outwardly of said flange portion so as to engage the outersurface of said flange portion and said first die member is locatedinternally of said flange portion so as to engage the internal surfaceof said flange portion.

3. An apparatus for forming a plurality of V-grooves in a flange portionof a pulley bank as defined in claim 1 wherein said second angle definedby said converging surface portions on said second die is 10-30 degreessmaller than said first angle defined by the converging surfacesdefining the grooves in said second die member.

4. An apparatus for forming a plurality of V-grooves in a flange portionof a pulley blank as defined in claim 1 wherein one of said die membersin;ludes recess means spaced from the die surface thereof for receivingradially displaced metal during the formation of said V-grooves therebyallowing for the complete formation of the V- grooves.

5. An apparatus for forming a plurality of V-grooves in a flange portionof a pulley blank as defined in claim 1 wherein said first die member islocated internally of said pulley blank and supports said pulley blank,and further including means for rotating said first die member and saidpulley blank, and said second die member is located outwardly of saidpulley blank and is in the form of a roller and is rotated uponengagement with the rotating flange portion of the pulley blank due tothe pressure and frictional engagement therebetween.

6. An apparatus for forming a plurality of V-grooves in a flange portionof cup-shaped pulley blank as defined in claim 5 further includingrecess means located in said internal die for receiving radiallydisplaced metal during the formation of said V-grooves and including apair of recesses located on opposite axial sides of said plurality ofVgrooves.

7. An apparatus for forming at least one V-groove in the flange portionof a pulley blank comprising first and second die members engageablewith opposite respective sides of said flange portion, said first diemember having a material shaping die surface provided with at least onegroove defined by inwardly converging surface portions, said second diemember also having a material shaping die surface and including aprojection defined by outwardly converging surface portions, saidprojection on said second die member being located opposite said groovein said first die member, means for moving said second die member towardsaid first die member to cause said projection to force the material ofsaid flange into said groove, and recess means in at least one of saiddie members located on one side of said V-groove for receiving radiallydisplaced metal during the formation of said V-groove thereby allowingfor the complete formation of the V-groove.

8. An apparatus as defined in claim 7 wherein said first die member isrotatable and has a first planar side surface portion with a pluralityof V-grooves adjacent thereto and supports said blank for rotationtherewith and said second die member is rotatable and has a secondplanar die surface portion opposite said first planar surface portionand a plurality of projections thereon, and said recess means comprisesa pair of recesses formed in said first planar die surface portion ofsaid first die member to receive metal radially displaced due topressure engagement of the second planar surface with the flange portionadjacent the recess during the shaping of said flange portion.

9. An apparatus as defined in claim 8 wherein said first die membercomprises an internal die member located internally of the flangeportion to engage the inner radial surface of the flange portion andincluding a plurality of retra ctible segments and said second diemember comprises an external die member in the form of a roller locatedto engage the external radial surface of the flange portion.

16. An apparatus as defined in claim 9 wherein said converging surfaceportions defining the grooves in said first die member define a firstangle therebetween and said converging surface portions which define theprojections on said second die member define a second angle therebetweensubstantially less than said first angle.

11. An apparatus for forming a plurality of V-grooves in an integralflange portion of a pulley blank comprising a first rotatable die memberconstituting an internal die member located internally of said flangeportion to engage the inner surface thereof, a second rotatable diemember located outwardly of said flange portion to engage the outersurface of the flange portion, said first die member having a materialshaping die surface provided with a plurality of grooves .therein, saidsecond die member also having a mateiral shaping die surface including aplurality of projections for forcing the material of said flange intosaid grooves in said first die member, said projections on said seconddie member located opposite said grooves in said first die member and inalignment therewith, means for rotating said first die member and saidpulley blank, and means for moving said second die member toward saidfirst die member and into pressure engagement with said flange portionto cause said projections to force the material of said flange into saidgrooves simultaneously in a single inward movement of said second diemember.

12. -An apparatus for forming a plurality of V-grooves as defined inclaim 11 wherein said grooves on said first die member are defined byconverging surface portions which define a first angle therebetween andsaid projections on said second die member are defined by outwardlyconverging surface portions which define a second angle therebetweensubstantially less than said first angle.

13. An apparatus for forming a plurality of V-grooves as defined inclaim 12 wherein said first die member includes recess means forreceiving metal which is radially displaced during the formation of theV-grooves, and further including means for at least partially confiningthe opposite axial ends of said flange portion to minimize axialdisplacement of the material thereof during the formation of theV-grooves.

14. An apparatus as defined in claim 11 wherein said internal die membercomprises a plurality of die segments movable be'twen a retractedposition and a working position, said die segments when in their workingposition definin'g a circular die surface having a diametersubstantially the same as the inner diameter of the flange portion ofthe pulley blank and when in their retracted position having a diametersubstantially less than the inner diameter of theflange portion of thepulley blank, and means operable to effect movement of said die segmentsbetween their working and retracted positions.

15. A method of forming a plurailty of V-grooves in a cylindricallyshaped flange portion of a pulley blank comprising the steps ofpositioning said pulley blank with one surface of said flange portionadpacent a material shaping die surface of a first die member includinga plurality of grooves, engaging the other surface of said flangeportion with a material shaping die surface of a second die memberincluding a plurality of projections corresponding to said grooves,rotating said pulley blank and said first and second die members, movingsaid second die member toward said first die member while said diemembers are rotating and under pressure to force the material of saidflange portion into the grooves formed in said first die membersimultaneously and in a single inward movement of said second diemember.

16. A method of forming a plurality of V-grooves in a cylindricallyshaped flange portion of a pulley blank as defined in claim 15 furtherincluding the steps of at least partially confining the opposite axialends of said cylindrically shaped flange portion to limit axialdisplacement of the material of said flange portion during the formationof said V-grooves, and receiving radially displaced material in recessesin one of said dies.

17. A method of forming a plurality of V-grooves in a cylindricallyshaped flange portion of a pulley blank as defined in claim 16 furtherincluding the step of shaping said material as said second die member ismoved inwardly of said first die member between inwardly convergingsurfaces on said first die member defining a groove angle therebetweenand outwardly converging surfaces on said second die member defining aprojection angle therebetween substantially less than the groove angle.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,828,464 10/1931 Harrison 72822,159,290 5/1939 Penkala 72-179 2,685,856 8/1954 Wickwire et al 72822,730,795 1/1956 Bloss 29 159 2,892,431 6/1959 Killian et al 72--82RICHARD J. HERBST, Primary Examiner.

' L. A, LARSON, Assistant Examiner.

1. AN APPARATUS FOR FORMING A PLURALITY OF V-GROOVES IN A FLANGE PORTIONOF A PULLEY BLANK COMPRISING FIRST AND SECOND ROTATABLE DIE MEMBERSENGAGEABLE WITH THE OPPOSITE SIDES OF SAID FLANGE PORTION, SAID FIRSTDIE MEMBER HAVING A MATERIAL SHAPING DIE SURFACE PROVIDED WITH APLURALITY OF GROOVES DEFINED BY INWARDLY CONVERGING SURFACE PORTIONSWHICH DEFINE A FIRST ANGLE THEREBETWEEN, SAID SECOND DIE MEMBER ALSOHAVING A MATERIAL SHAPING DIE SURFACE AND INCLUDING A PLURALITY OFPROJECTIONS DEFINED BY OUTWARDLY CONVERGING SURFACE PORTIONS WHICHDEFINE A SECOND ANGLE THEREBETWEEN LESS THAN SAID FIRST ANGLE, SAIDPROJECTIONS ON SAID SECOND DIE MEMBER BEING LOCATED OPPOSITE SAIDGROOVES IN SAID FIRST DIE MEMBER, AND MEANS FOR MOVING SAID SECOND DIEMEMBER TOWARD SAID FIRST DIE MEMBER TO CAUSE SAID PROJECTIONS TO FORCETHE MATERIAL OF SAID FLANGE INTO SAID GROOVES WITH SAID CONVERGINGSURFACES OF DIFFERENT ANGULARITY DIRECTING THE MATERIAL OF SAID FLANGEPORTION.